Fluid controlled tension winding and unwinding device



Nov. 14, 1961 A. J. THOMSON 3,008,353

FLUID CONTROLLED TENSION WINDING AND UNWINDING DEVICE Filed Jan. 27, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

ARTHUR J. THOMSON ATTORNEY BY v Nov. 14, 1961 A. J. THOMSON 3,008,353

FLUID CONTROLLED TENSION WINDING AND UNWINDING DEVICE Filed Jan. 27. 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ARTHUR J. THOMSON ATTOR Y A. J. THOMSON FLUID CONTROLLED TENSION WINDING AND UNWINDING DEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 14, 1961 Filed Jan. 27. 1959 Q 7' Q x l fi ll I I K HIE MI A I Q R x m o M LL \l b A & g INVENTOR. f ,r ARTHUR} J. THOMSON c- IBY L fw ATTOREVEY United States Patent Ofi ice 3,008,353 Patented Nov. 14, 1961 3,008,353 FLUID CONTROLLED TENSION WINDING AND UNWINDING DEVICE Arthur J. Thomson, Cranston, R.I., assignor to Hobbs Manufacturing Company, Worcester, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Filed Jan. 27, 1959, Ser. No. 789,409 28 Claims. (Cl. 74--778) My present invention relates to tension winding and/or unwinding devices and more particularly to a fluid controlled tension winding device. a

The principal object of the present-invention is to pro vide a device for controlling the degree of tension in winding or unwinding materials under tension.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a tension winding and unwinding device having a simple fluid controlled mechanism. 1

A further object of the present invention is to provide a winding and unwinding device which will handle speed and torque variations without a direct connection to the process machine.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid controlled tension winding device having a simple mechanism for shifting from winding to unwinding.

A further obiect of the present invention is to provide a winding and unwinding device which is simple in construction and easy and economical to manufacture and assemble.

With the above and other objects and advantageous features in view, my invention consists of a novel arrangement of parts more fully disclosed in the detailed description following, in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings and more particularly defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the device embodying my invention.

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the device with the upper portion of the housing removed.

FIG. 3 is a section taken on line 33 on FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section through the reversing co lar.

In certain process machines such as textile machinery,

rolling mills, wire machinery, printing machinery, paper or rubber machinery and many others, the material under process may be wound under tension. The tension may be fixed, constant or increasing or decreasing. Various mechanical and manual means have normally been pro vided for applying such a tension. However, it has been found that the use ofa hydraulic pump and differential arrangement provides an easier and more accurate control. These devices however have certain inherent defects. Expensive controls must be used, the ratios are limited and the device cannot be used as a tension unwinder. U

The present invention is designed as an improvement over this type of device. The present invention provides simple and eflicient hydraulic control means which greatly reduces the cost of the device and a simple hydraulic control increasing control sensitivity and permitting the device to be used as an unwinding mechanism as well as a winding mechanism.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the device is mounted in a rectangular housing having a bottom section 10 and a top section 11 mounted, on the bottom section. The top section 11 is provided with an integral bottom 12 which forms a sump 13 for holding the hydraulic fluid 14. Thesump 13 may be provided with suitable drainage plugs 15 and an upper plug 16 for refilling the sump.

Towards the left end of the lower housing 10, a main drive input shaft 17 is transversely mounted in bearings 18, the extended portion of the. shaft being connected to a suitable source of power not shown. -Mounted on the shaft 17, in the center of the lower housing 10, is a differential mechanism comprising a central balanced shaft portion 19 which is locked to the shaft 17 and rotatable therewith. A transverse bevel gear 20 is rotatably mounted on one end of the portion 19 and held in place by the collar 21. On the far side of the shaft 17 is a large gear, 22 rotatably mounted on the shaft 17 and locked to a bevel gear 23 which rotates transversely on the shaft 17 and meshes with the gear 20. On the near side of the shaft 17 is a similar large gear 24 locked to a bevel gear 25 which also meshes with the gear 20. -The bevel gears 20, 23 and 25 form a differential drive with a one to one ratio.

Mounted in back of and outside of the lower housing 10 is a large hydraulic pump 26 known as a bull? pump,

The hull pump 26 is driven from a gear 27 mounted in-- side of the lower housing 10 in alignment with and mesha suction line 27a leading to the sump 13 and hydraulic fluid 14 and a discharge line 28 which also leads into the sump 13.

Mounted in the lower housing 10 is an output shaft 29 in spaced parallel relation to the input shaft 17 with the output drive portion extending from the housing on the opposite side from the input drive. The shaft 29 is mounted in bearings 30 in each side of the housing. At the near end in FIG. 2, a ring gear 31 is mounted on and locked to the shaft 29 and meshes with the gear 24 on the shaft 17. t

In winding devices of this type heretofore in use the above described mechanism has been used for winding under tension. Power is supplied to the shaft 17. The differential gears 20, 23 and 25 distribute the power so that the gear 23 drives the pump 26 through gears 22 and 27 and the gear 25 drives the output shaft 29 through gears 24 and 31. In a diiferential drive the input is equal to the sum of the two output drives. Therefore, in the construction shown the input will be equal to the sum of the a pump drive plus the output shaft drive. -By controlling the input speed the torque and speed of the output can be controlled. As the material builds up on the winding core in the process machine, the torque will increase and the shaft 29 will tend to slow down This will result in an increase in the speed to the pump 26. However, the

theshaft '17.

.will be impossible.

The device cannot be used as an unwinder. winding torque is applied to the shaft 29, the pump 26 would be subject to the equivalent of two input speeds and torques, one at the input shaft 17 and the other on the shaft 29. As the core unwinds the pump 26 must operate at greater and greater speeds. However, again the fixed discharge opening prevents the free flow of the hydraulic fluid and causes the pressure to buildup in the pump 26. i The build up of pressure backs into the differential and torque control of the unwinding shaft 29 The torque becomes greater and greater when it should be decreasing with the roll diame ter. The present invention therefore adds the additional mechanism shown to the right in FIGS. 2 and 3 for providing a more responsive control on the output shaft 29 and for controlling the unwinding torque on the shaft 29 If an un-- in spaced parallel relation to the shaft 29.

so that the device can be used for either winding or unwinding.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, a collar 32 is mounted on the output shaft 29 and locked to the shaft in a longitudinal keyway or groove 33 which permits sliding movement of the collar 32 along the shaft. At each end the collar 32 is provided with teeth 34, and the center of the collar 32 is provided with an annular groove 35. on the near 'side of the collar 32 a gear 36 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 29 and is provided with a collar 37 havin teeth 38 complementary to the teeth 34 on the collar 32 so that when the collar 32 is moved towards the collar 37 the teeth 38 will mesh with the teeth 34. On the far side of the collar 32 a small gear '39 is also rotatably mounted on the shaft 29 and is provided with a collar 40 having teeth 41 complementary to the teeth 34 on the collar 32 on the opposite end. With the above construction the. collar 32 will rotate with the shaft 29 and can be moved longitudinally along the shaft to mesh with either the teeth 38 on the collar 37 or the teeth 41 on the collar 40.

An intermediate shaft 42 is mounted in bearings 43 At the far end, a small gear 44 is mounted on the shaft 42 and locked to the shaft. It will be noted that the gear 44 is in the same plane as the gear 39 on the shaft 29. An intermediate idler gear 45 is mounted on the side wall of the lower housing 10 between the gears 39 and 44 and meshing therewith. A large gear 46 is also looked to the shaft 42 and meshes with the gear 36 on the shaft 29. With the above arrangement'rotating movement of the shaft 29 is transmitted through the collar 32 to either the collars 37 or 40. In the position shown in FIG. 2 the collar 32 is in engagement with the collar 37. Therefore, the gear 36 will rotate with the shaft 29 and since it is meshed with the gear 46 it will cause rotation of the shaft 42 in the opposite direction. When the shaft 29 is reversed for unwinding, the collar 32 is moved along the shaft so that it disengages the collar 37 and meshes with "the teeth 41 on thecollar 40. This drives the gear 39 which in turn drives the gears 45 and 44. The gear 44 is locked to the shaft 42 and rotates the shaft. Because of the idler gear 45 the shaft 42 will now rotate in the same direction as the shazft 29. This is the same direction-of rotation as the shaft was driven by the gear. 46. Thus the arrangement of the collars permits rotation of the shaft 42 in a single directionregardless of the direction of rotation of the shaft 29.

Sliding movement of the collar 32 to reverse the mechanism is controlled by the lever arrangement shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. A stand 47 is mounted on the bottom of the lower housing portion 10. Pivotally mounted on the to of the stand 47 is an L-shaped lever 48. At the upper end of the vertical arm of the lever 48 is an integral "semicircular portion 49 extending around the periphery of the collar 32 at the groove 35. At each end of the portion 49 are pins or studs 59 which extend into the groove 35. Swinging movement of the lever 48 will therefore cause the studs 50 to push the collar 32al'ong its groove 33 in either direction. At the horizontal end of the lever 48 is a horizontal bar 51 which extends through the side wall of the lower housing 10 and is'provided with a control knob 52. housing a small collar 53 is locked to the bar 51 and a coil spring 54 extends between the collar 53 and the side of the housing to resiliently retain the bar 51 and lever 48 in the position shown in FIG. 2. To reverse the mechanism the knob -2' is pulled outwardly against the pressure of the spring 54 pivoting the lever 48 and sliding the collar 32 away from the collar 37 and into engagement with the collar 40. A bayonetdevice or any other conventional means can be used to hold the bar '51 in this position by twisting the knob 52.

The auxiliary control mechanism operates in response to the rotation of the shaft 42 and gear -46. A shaft 55 is mounted in the lower housing in bearings 56 in spaced parallel relation to the shaft 42. The shaft 55 Inside of the extends slightly beyond the housing 10 to permit the mounting of a drive pulley wheel 57 which is driven through a belt 58 by a Thymotrol" 59. The Thymo tro is an electric motor with electronic controls which can be set so that the motor will rotate at a desired selected constant speed \m'th extreme accuracy regardless of the load. The Thymotrol is manufactured by the General Electric Co.

A small differential is mounted on the shaft 55. This includes a balanced support 60 on which is mounted the bevel gear 61. oh one side of the-gear 61 is a meshing bevel gear 62 rotatably mounted on the shaft 55 and locked to a ring gear 63 which meshes with the gear 46 on the shaft 42. On the opposite side the'bevel gear 61 meshes with another bevel gear 64 rota-tably mounted on the shaft 55 and locked to a ring gear 65. The ring gear 65 meshes with a small gear 66 which drives a small servo-pump 67. With the above arrangement the input on the shaft 55 is constant'due to the Thyrnotrol. This input speed is set in accordance with the desired diameter build-up of the work and the linear speed of the process being performed. The speed of rotation of the gear 62 is controlled by the rotation of the output shaft 29. Since the input speed is equal to the speed of the output shaft '29 plus the speed of servopnmp 67, the speed of the servo-pump 67 will vary inversely to the variations in the speed of the output shaft. In other words if the output shaft moves faster the servo-pump moves slower and if the output shaft moves slower the servo-pump moves faster. The speed of rotation of the shaft 55 which is governed by the Thymotro will govern the speed differential between the shaft 29 and the servo-pump 67. The bottom speed of the pump must be determined which will allow the change in output rpm. to increase the determined bottom speed by the of the change in rpm. 7

For example, if the output r.p.m-. is 40 and the pump is 200 r.p.m. then when the output rpm. becomes 10 (or the diameter of roll increases 4 times) the pump must be running at Vm or 400 r.p.m. in order to have the pump torque increase 4 times What it was when the roll was Mr present diameter (at this point we must have4 times the original torque to retain constant tension on material).

. The servo-pump 67 is used to control the bull pump 26'and thus control the output shaft; This is accomplished by means of the novel valve arnan-gement mouut ed in the upper housing 11 as shown in FIG. 3. Mounted horizontally in the upper housing portion 11 is a cylinder 68 immersed in the hydraulic fluid 14. The cylin-v der 68 is provided with a triangular discharge opening 69 with the apex of the triangle facing the left end as shown in FIG. 3. A free floating piston 70 is slidably mounted in the cylinder 68. The left end ofthe cylinder 68 is provided with an opening 71 which leads into the discharge line 28 of the bull pump 26. With this arrangement the bull pump 26 sucks the hydraulic fluid 14 through the line 27a and disohargesitthrough the tube 28 into the cylinder 68 and out of the cylinder opening 6 9 back into the sump 13. The servo-pump 67 is provided with a suction line 72 leading to the sump 13 and a discharge line 73 communicating with the "right end of the cylinder 68. The right end of the cylinder 68 is provided with a discharge opening 74 controlled by a needle valve 75 whichcan be adjusted by the outside knob 76. The torque of the bull pump is many times greater than the torque of the servo-pump and since a pumps torque is a function of the pumps pressure, we are controlling the pressure of the bull pump with the pressure of the serv -pump through this.

and torque the output shaft 29, driving through gears 36, 46 and 63 will cause a resultant speed in the servopump which will build up pressure on the right side of the piston 70 tending to push the piston towards the left and to close the discharge opening 69. However, the bull pump discharges into the left side of the cylinder 68 and tends to move the piston 70 to the-right. With the out-put shaft rotating at the desired speed and material winding tension, the needle valve 75 is set so that the pressures equalize each other and the piston 70 remains stationary. As the output shaft slows down the bull pump will speed up. However, slowing of the output shaft will slow the rotation of the gear 63 and simultaneously speed the rotation of the servo-pump 67 sufficiently to increase the pressurethe desired amount, to increase the torque requirement of the roll diameter to hold constant tension. The pressures of the bull pump and servo-pump will remain in balance.

When the device is to be used as an unwinder the knob 52 is pulled out actuating the lever 48 and moving the collar 32 away from the collar 37 and into meshing engagement with the teeth 41 on the collar 40. The result is that the shaft 42 is now rotated through gears 39, 45 and 44 rather than through gears 36 and 46. This results in a rotation of the shaft 42 in the same direction in which it was previously rotated so that the operation of the servo-mechanism is not changed in any way. With the output shaft 29 being used as an unwinder, with the same input speed as when winding, the bull pump 26 will run at higher speeds because input plus output r.p.m.:pump r.p.m. However, as the output shaft 29 speeds up the servo-pump 67 will slow down and permit the piston 7 0 to slide to the right and expose a larger portion of the discharge opening 69. This will remove the pressure, hence the torque, from the bull pump 26 and permits the balancing of the speed and torque between the input drive 17, output 29, and pump 26.

The following example is given as an illustration of the controls and speeds in the use of the device of the present invention both in winding and unwinding. Let us assume that it is desired to wind-material from a processing machine at 500 feet per minute under constant tension. Let us further assume that the material is to be wound on a core 4 inches in diameter the finished roll is 40 inches in diameter. It is therefore necessary that the output shaft 29 rotate at approximately 477 r.p.m. at the beginning of the wind and finish at A of the speed or approximately 47 r.p.m. Let us further assume that the input shaft 17 is rotating at a constant 300 r.p.m. It will be noted that the gear ratio is such that the gear 31 on the output shaft is rotating at twice the speed of the gear 24 on the input shaft 17. Therefore since the output shaft is star-ting at 477 r.p.m. the gear 24- will be rotating at one half of this speed or 23 8:5 r.p.m. Since the differential splits the input speed, the gears 23 and 22 will be rotating at a speed equal to the input speed 300 r.p.m. minus 238.5. This is equal to 61.5 r.p.m. However, note that the bull pump gear 27 is of such size that it will operate at twice the speed of the gear 22 and therefore the bull pump operate at twice 61.5 r.p.m. or 123 rpm.

' Using the same formula, at the conclusion of the wind the output shaft 29 will be rotating at approximately 47 r.p.m. and the bull pump will be rotating at 552 r.p.m. This is the speed range of the bull pump under the conditions set forth above. if the process machine is suddenly stopped, the bull pump would have to rotate at 600 r.p.m. and no damage would occur to the pump.

By the same method of figuring we must determine the proper input r.p.m. for the servo pump 67. This must be calculated to allow for the Bernoullis theory of oil pumped through a fixed orifice (74). Under this theory the formula is developed P=KQ where P represents pressure K is a constant and Q is the quantity of oil being pumped. Therefore we must make the r.p.m. of the con stant displacement pump 67 vary as the square root of the output change ot keep a pressure or torque increase at the pump equal with the roll build up for constant tension.

Using the same formulas and assuming that the pump 67 will be driven at twice the speedof the gear 65, then the formula is that the input speed minus the output divided by two is equal to the pump speed divided by two or 2I0=Y (pumpspeed). This is the formula for the differential gear ratios at the servo pump. Substituting the winding r.p.m. at beginning and the, winding rpm. at the end of the wind, we arrive at the following: r

2I-477=Y at the beginning of the wind 2Z47.7= /W at the end of the wind this is so because the speed at the end of the wind is A the speed at the beginning of the wind and the r.p.m..s of a constant displacement pump will vary as the square root of the output speed change which is 10 in theexample given- Solving the simultaneous equations for Y we arrive at a speed of 197 r.p.m. at the beginning of the wind and 626 r.p.m. at the end of the wind. When unwinding, there are, in elfect, two input forces, the power supply on input shaft 17, and the unwinding pull on the shaft 29 by the processing machine. Now solving for the input speed by the Thymotrol we arrive at a speed of 337 r.p.m.

With an input r.p.m. at the servo differential of 337 r.p.m., the machine will produce theproper ratio of pump build up in r.p.m. to increase the oil pressure and automatically regulate the valve 68. This in turn will control the bull pump pressure to cause the bull pump torque to reflect through the main differential enough to hold the exact torque requirements on the output shaft 29 and consequently maintain the proper tension. By changing this input speed upwardly at the servo difl'erential we could have a decreasing tension or by decreasing the input speed downwardly an increasing tension at the output shaft 29. The various gear ratios are given for purposes, of illustration and can be varied as desired.

In unwinding, the servo mechanism remains exactly the same because the reversing gear compensates for the reversed rotation ofthe output shaft 29.. However, the formula for the main differential will now. change.

output pump Input 2 2 2(300)+477= 1077 at the end of the This is a safe pump operating range for the bull pump which is actually pumping more oil at the time the pressure is lowest at the servo pump.

The Thymotro unit is half wave and adapts itself well to its-use as a drive for the servo differential. It can be arranged as a tachometer generator influenced by variations of the main process machine motor. Thus the Thymotrol speed will vary in direct ratio to the speed of the process machine. This will cause the speed of the output shaft 29 to vary proportionately.

I have thus provided a simple control mechanism, sensitive to the speed of the processing machine for providing a desired uniform speed and tension'on the output mechanism. Furthermore, the device will work equally well for both winding and unwinding. The construction is economical and much easier to manufacture and assemble than similar winding mechanisms. The device can be used under any conditions requiring a fixed torque or tension at fixed or varying speeds. For example, conveyer belts, draw presses or dies, etc. Other advantages of the present invention will be readily-apparent to a person skilled in the art. 7

1 I claim:

1. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input'shaft, diflerential means mounted on said input shafit in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said dilferent-ial means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft,'a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump.

2. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted onsaid input shaft, a pair of gears rotatablyniounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on'said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said outputshaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft.

3, A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power. driven means forrotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid'under pressure to the other endfof said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft. 7 f4. -Affluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in-said housing, .a fluidpump adjacent said housing having: an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with .said sump, said dis- .line ,having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing,

8 power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an out put shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, diflerentia-l means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regard-less of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder,

and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft.

5. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, difierential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump andsaid output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with [the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft.

6. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with'said sump, said discharge line'having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, on output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing [from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicatnig with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft.

7. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said dis charge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely throughsaid housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and trans-' verse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

8. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an out put shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pumpregardless of the direction of rotation of. said output shaft, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

9. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said-rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced-parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

10. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsiveto thespeed of rotation of said output shaft for" adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid'under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

11. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sumpand a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housingfor driving said pump and said output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston insaid cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

'12. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed. of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump,

said adjusting means including a cylinder mountedin said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder.

13. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicatingwith said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing,

power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an

output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, difierential means moutned on said input shaft in said housing for regardless of the directionof rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging meanscomprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder.

14. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a'fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said diiferential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted .on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends. a free floating 1T2 piston in said cylinder for pening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsivc to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servopump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder.

15. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power dliven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced'parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free-floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate .said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

16. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to .said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and

'means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for the discharging fluid under pres sure to ,the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speedlof rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening.

l7. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with saidsump, said dis,- charge line having an adjustab'le'discharge opening, an

- input shaft extending transversely through said housing,

13 power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening.

18. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, said differential means comprising a driven gear mounted on said input shaft, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said input shaft and meshing with said driven gear, a drive shaft extending into said housing from said pump and having a gear drivingly connected with one of said rotatable gears, a drive gear mounted on said output shaft and operatively connected with the other of said rotatable gears, means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its lends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening.

19. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet 14 line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder,

20. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a'housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a dischargeline communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder. having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder.

21. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a. free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

22. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in'spacedparallelrelation-1o said input shaft, differs ential means mounted oii'isaid inputshaft in said houss f r d i g sa p p a S d o p h f and means responsive to the speed of rotatiouof said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a dicharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylirrder for opening or closing said opening, said pump'dio charge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to th other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylin: der having a discharge opening, and a manual y adiustable needle valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump have ing an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said adjusting means being driven from a trans: verse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced .parallfil relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said out: put and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting saidoutput and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotatinginan unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

23. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in saidhousing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line havingan adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input'shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said inpufshaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output'shaft, and

means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft foradjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge open.- ing intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other .end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging meanstcomprising a servo-pump having an inlet line cornmunicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other endof said cylinder, said servo-pump being driven by a diiferential drive means c mp si g a s af 2 m i drive g nted t n versely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatabiy mounted on said shaft and operatively connected with said main drive gear, one of, said rotatable gears driving said servo-pinup, the other of said rotatable gears being driven in response tothe rotation of said output shaft, and said shaft and main drive gear ei g adi ab y d en in a co dance w th the rate o th q s in m e o t e mate ial bei g process 24. A fluid controlled tension winder and un'winder of material being processed comprising a housing, a 1111- id sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said houss ,s an inlet ine mmunicat n w th s id ump and a discharge line communicating With aid sump,lsaid discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating input sha f-t, an output shaft extending transversely through said housn in spa e p r lel re a on to' aid nputsha t, d e m l means mounted on sa d nput shaft insa d h u in for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means esp ns e to esp d of rotati n o .said'outr t shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump,

said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening interme: diate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said o put s a a fl Pre sc n mea s comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said servopump being driven by a differential drive means comprising a shaft, a main drive gear mounted transversely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said shaft and operatively connected with said main drive gear, one of said rotatable gears driving said servopump," the other of said rotatable gears being driven in response to the rotation of said output shaft, said shaft and main drive gear being adjustably driven in accord: ance with the rate of the processing machine for the material being processed, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and transverse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears. 25. A fluid controlled tension Winder, and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said inputshaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump, and said output shaft, and means responsive to the "speed of rotationrof said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including acylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needie valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said servo-pump being driven by a differential drive means comprising a shaft, a main drive gear mounted transversely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said shaft and drivingly connected with said main drive gear, one of said rotatable gears driving said servo-pump, the other of said rotatable gears beingdriven in response to the rotation of said output shaft, said shaft and maindrive gear being adjustably driven in accordance with the rate of the processing machine for the material being processed.

2 6, A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sumpin said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge iine communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an

input shaft extending transversely through said housing,

power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needie valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said servo-pump being driven by a differential drive means comprising a shaft, a main drive gear mounted transversely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said shaft and drivingiy connected with said main drive gear, one of said rotatable ears driving said servo-pump, the other of said rotatable gears being driven in response to the rotation of said output shaft, said shaft and main drive gear being adjustably driven in accordance with the rate of the processing machine for the material being processed, said adjusting means being driven from a transverse shaft mounted in said housing in spaced parallel relation to said output shaft, gears connecting said output and trans verse shafts to rotate said transverse shaft when said output shaft is rotating in winding direction, a second set of gears connecting said output and driving shafts to rotate said transverse shaft in the same direction when said output shaft is rotating in an unwinding direction, and manually operable selector means for transferring the drive between said sets of gears.

27. A fluid controlled tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising'a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said servo-pump being driven by a differential drive means comprising a shaft, a main drive gear mounted transversely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said shaft and drivingly connected with said main drive gear, one of said rotatable gears driving said servo-pump, the other of said rotatable gears being adjustably driven in accordance with the rate of rotation of said output shaft, said shaft and main drive gear being driven in response to the processing machine for the material being processed.

28. A fluid controll d tension winder and unwinder of material being processed comprising a housing, a fluid sump in said housing, a fluid pump adjacent said housing having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said sump, said discharge line having an adjustable discharge opening, an input shaft extending transversely through said housing, power driven means for rotating said input shaft, an output shaft extending transversely through said housing in spaced parallel relation to said input shaft, differential means mounted on said input shaft in said housing for driving said pump and said output shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft for adjusting the discharge opening of said fluid pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said output shaft, said adjusting means including a cylinder mounted in said sump, said cylinder having a discharge opening intermediate its ends, a free floating piston in said cylinder for opening or closing said opening, said pump discharge line communicating with one end of said cylinder, and means for discharging fluid under pressure to the other end of said cylinder responsive to the speed of rotation of said output shaft, said other end of the cylinder having a discharge opening, and a manually adjustable needle valve for adjusting said opening, said fluid pressure discharging means comprising a servo-pump having an inlet line communicating with said sump and a discharge line communicating with said other end of said cylinder, said servo-pump being driven by a differential drive means comprising a shaft, a main drive gear mounted transversely on said shaft and rotatable therewith, a pair of gears rotatably mounted on said shaft and drivingly connected with said main drive gear, one of said rotatable gears driving said servo-pump, the other of said rotatable gears being driven in response to the rotation of said output shaft, said shaft and main drive gear being adjustably driven in accordance with the rate of the processing machine for the material being processed.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,064,295 Crane Dec. 15, 1936 2,392,226 Butterworth Jan. 1, 1946 2,563,660 Rebut et al. Aug. 7, 1951 2,584,799 Green Feb. 5, 1952 2,599,795 White June 10, 1952 2,653,487 Martin et al. Sept. 29, 1953 2,835,454 Bowen May 20, 1958 

